It has been a while since my last post. But in the mean time I added up some changes my Arduino project.
Dated log files
I added some code changes to make log entries end up in a log file specific for that day. This might make manual lookup and cleanup a bit easier.
For validating the RFID token that was read, I wanted to have an 'allowed.csv' file in the admin directory. This is different from what I logged in the previous blog post. I want to reduce the number of files used in this setup. In this way I hope the number of file I/O operations gets limited as much as possible.
The content for this 'allowed.csv' should be generated on the PC that will manage this system and/or should get managed via command through a serial connection to the Arduino (this is a problem I will tackle in a future blog post).
The structure of the 'allowed.csv' file will be the following:
RFID code,end date, start date,first name,last name,buffer date,,
- RFID code: the code of the RFID token to which the following information applies
- end and start date: keeps track of the current subscription of a user.
- first and last name: foreseen to provide a nicer output in the future.
- buffer date: is the end time of the user's subscription + a buffer e.g. one week, to allow the user to pay his or her new subscription without being locked out from the gym. Currently the Arduino sketch does not yet take this buffer into accout.
This is my latest code containing the dated log files and validating the RFID tokens against the content of the allowed.csv file:
#include <SdFat.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <RTClib.h>
int DOOR = 7;
int RFID_ENABLE = 2;
int CODE_SIZE = 10;
int ARRAY_SIZE = 11;
char DATE_SEPARATOR = '/';
char TIME_SEPARATOR = ':';
char DATE_AND_TIME_SEPARATOR = '-';
char CSV_SEPARATOR = ',';
int bytesRead = 0;
char lastReadRFID[] = "0000000000";
char code[] = "0000000000";
DateTime lastTimeStamp;
int elementIdx = 0;
String tokenCode = "";
String endDateStr = "";
String tmpString = "";
boolean equalsReadToken = false;
char tmpChar;
int converted = 0;
char allowedFileName[] = "allowed.csv";
int csvSeparatorCount;
String logFileName;
//The RTC related object
RTC_DS1307 RTC;
DateTime now;
//The SD card related objects
Sd2Card card;
SdVolume volume;
SdFile root;
SdFile accessLogDir;
SdFile adminDir;
SdFile logFile;
SdFile allowedFile;
//===================================================================================
// SETUP METHOD
//===================================================================================
void setup() {
Serial.begin(2400); // RFID reader SOUT pin connected to Serial RX pin at 2400bps
Wire.begin();
RTC.begin();
pinMode(RFID_ENABLE,OUTPUT); // Set digital pin 2 as OUTPUT to connect it to the RFID /ENABLE pin
pinMode(DOOR, OUTPUT); // Set digital pin 13 as OUTPUT to connect it to door opener
activateRFID();
// initialize the SD card at SPI_FULL_SPEED for best performance.
// try SPI_HALF_SPEED if bus errors occur.
if (!card.init(SPI_FULL_SPEED)) Serial.println("card.init failed");
// initialize a FAT volume
if (!volume.init(&card)) Serial.println("volume.init failed");
// open the root directory
if (!root.openRoot(&volume)) Serial.println("openRoot failed");
//open the logDir
char logDirName[] = "logs";
if (!accessLogDir.open(&root, logDirName, O_RDONLY)) {
Serial.println("figure out error while opening logs and admin dir");
}
//open the admin
char adminDirName[] = "admin";
adminDir.open(&root, adminDirName, O_RDONLY);
}
//===================================================================================
// MAIN APP LOOP
//===================================================================================
void loop() {
now = RTC.now();
activateRFID();
readRFID();
if (bytesRead == CODE_SIZE) {
deActivateRFID();
handleReadRFID();
}
}
//===================================================================================
// close the log file
//===================================================================================
void closeLogFile() {
logFile.close();
}
//===================================================================================
// opens the log file
//===================================================================================
void openLogFile() {
if (!accessLogDir.isOpen()) {
Serial.println ("access log dir not opened");
}
else {
char name[13];
name[12] = '\0';
constructLogFileName();
logFileName.toCharArray(name,13);
logFile.open(&accessLogDir, name, O_CREAT | O_WRITE | O_APPEND);
if (!logFile.isOpen()) {
Serial.print("Unable to open log file ");
Serial.println(name);
}
}
}
//===================================================================================
// construct the correct file name, containing the time stamp, for the log file of today
//===================================================================================
void constructLogFileName() {
logFileName = String(now.year());
int month = now.month();
if (month < 10) {
logFileName += 0;
}
logFileName += month;
int day = now.day();
if (day < 10) {
logFileName += 0;
}
logFileName += day;
logFileName += ".csv";
}
//===================================================================================
// handle the read RFID tag
//===================================================================================
void handleReadRFID(){
if (codesAreDifferent(now) ) {
openLogFile();
if (userIsAllowed()) { //if rfid token allowed
logAccessToSerial(true); //log to serial out
logAccessToLogFile(true);//write to log file
digitalWrite(DOOR, HIGH); // unlock the door
delay(2000); // wait for 2 seconds
setLastReadRFID();
digitalWrite(DOOR, LOW); // lock the door
}
else {
logAccessToSerial(false); //log to serial out
logAccessToLogFile(false); //log not allowed user to log file
delay(2000); // wait for 2 seconds
}
closeLogFile();
}
}
//===================================================================================
// logs the access to the log file
//===================================================================================
void logAccessToLogFile(boolean isAccessAllowed) {
if (logFile.isOpen()) {
if (!isAccessAllowed) {
logFile.print("NOT ALLOWED - ");
}
logFile.print(now.year(), DEC);
logFile.print(DATE_SEPARATOR);
logFile.print(now.month(), DEC);
logFile.print(DATE_SEPARATOR);
logFile.print(now.day(), DEC);
logFile.print(DATE_AND_TIME_SEPARATOR);
logFile.print(now.hour(), DEC);
logFile.print(TIME_SEPARATOR);
logFile.print(now.minute(), DEC);
logFile.print(TIME_SEPARATOR);
logFile.print(now.second(), DEC);
logFile.print(CSV_SEPARATOR); // possibly a good TAG
logFile.println(code); // print the TAG code
}
else {
Serial.println("Unable to write to the log file on the SD card.");
}
}
//===================================================================================
// logs the access to serial output
//===================================================================================
void logAccessToSerial(boolean wasAllowed) {
Serial.print(now.year(), DEC);
Serial.print(DATE_SEPARATOR);
Serial.print(now.month(), DEC);
Serial.print(DATE_SEPARATOR);
Serial.print(now.day(), DEC);
Serial.print(DATE_AND_TIME_SEPARATOR);
Serial.print(now.hour(), DEC);
Serial.print(TIME_SEPARATOR);
Serial.print(now.minute(), DEC);
Serial.print(TIME_SEPARATOR);
Serial.print(now.second(), DEC);
Serial.print(" RFID code "); // possibly a good TAG
Serial.print(code); // print the TAG code
Serial.print(" -> access ");
if (wasAllowed) {
Serial.println("GRANTED");
} else {
Serial.println("DENIED");
}
}
//===================================================================================
// checks whether the read RFID token is of a user that is still allowed access
//===================================================================================
boolean userIsAllowed() {
if (adminDir.isOpen()) {
allowedFile.open(&adminDir, allowedFileName, O_RDONLY);
if (allowedFile.isOpen()) {
equalsReadToken = false;
int16_t c;
while ((c = allowedFile.read()) > 0){
if ((char)c == CSV_SEPARATOR) {
switch(elementIdx) {
case 0:
if (tmpString.equals(String(code))) {
equalsReadToken = true;
Serial.print("token ");
Serial.print(tmpString);
Serial.println(" found in allowed file");
} else {
equalsReadToken = false;
}
break;
case 1:
if (equalsReadToken == true) {
Serial.print("evaluate against date: ");
Serial.println(tmpString);
if (equalsReadToken) {//only check the end date for the corresponding entry for the read RFID code
if(isNowBeforeEndDate(tmpString)) {
return true;
}
}
}
break;
}
tmpString = "";
csvSeparatorCount++;
if (csvSeparatorCount == 2) {
csvSeparatorCount = 0;
elementIdx = 0;
} else {
elementIdx++;
}
} else {
csvSeparatorCount = 0;
if (((char)c != '\n')&&((char)c !='\r')) { //prevent newline chars to end up in tmpString
tmpString += (char)c; //accumulate the chars to eventually hold the contents of one element
}
}
}
allowedFile.close();
} else {
Serial.println("allowed file is not open");
}
} else {
Serial.println("admin dir is not open");
}
return false;
}
//===================================================================================
// checks whether current time has passed the given subscription end date
//===================================================================================
boolean isNowBeforeEndDate(String endDateString) {
if (((int)now.year()) < getInteger(endDateString.substring(0,4))) {
return true;
} else if (((int)now.year()) == getInteger(endDateString.substring(0,4))) {
if (((int)now.month()) < getInteger(endDateString.substring(5,7))) {
return true;
} else if (((int)now.month()) == getInteger(endDateString.substring(5,7))){
if (((int)now.day()) <= getInteger(endDateString.substring(8))) {
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
int getInteger(String intAsString) {
converted = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < intAsString.length(); i++) {
converted *= 10;
tmpChar = intAsString.charAt(i);
converted += (tmpChar - '0');//convert from ascii char to corresponding int
}
return converted;
}
//===================================================================================
// checks wether the current code is different from the previously read code
//===================================================================================
boolean codesAreDifferent(DateTime now){
for (int i = 0; i < CODE_SIZE; i++) {
if (code[i] != lastReadRFID[i]) {
lastTimeStamp = now;
return true;
}
else {//if more than one minute has passed same token can be reused
if ((lastTimeStamp.year() <= now.year())
&& (lastTimeStamp.month() <= now.month())
&& (lastTimeStamp.day() <= now.day())
&& (lastTimeStamp.hour() <= now.hour())
&& (lastTimeStamp.minute() < now.minute())) {
lastTimeStamp = now;
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
//===================================================================================
// Activate the RFID reader
//===================================================================================
void activateRFID() {
digitalWrite(RFID_ENABLE, LOW);// Activate the RFID reader
}
//===================================================================================
// DeActivate the RFID reader
//===================================================================================
void deActivateRFID() {
digitalWrite(RFID_ENABLE, HIGH);// Deactivate the RFID reader
}
//===================================================================================
// read the code from the RFID reader
//===================================================================================
void readRFID(){
bytesRead = 0;
int val = 0;
if(Serial.available() > 0) { // if data available from reader
if((val = Serial.read()) == CODE_SIZE) { // check for header
while(bytesRead<10) { // read 10 digit code
if( Serial.available() > 0) {
val = Serial.read();
if((val == 10)||(val == 13)) { // if header or stop bytes before the 10 digit reading
break; // stop reading
}
code[bytesRead] = val; // add the digit
bytesRead++; // ready to read next digit
}
}
}
}
}
//===================================================================================
// set the lastReadRFID code
//===================================================================================
void setLastReadRFID(){
for (int i = 0; i < CODE_SIZE; i++) {
lastReadRFID[i] = code[i]; // copy the content of the last read RFID code into lastReadRFID
}
lastReadRFID[10] = 0;
code[10] = 0;
}
I still need to do some more testing and debugging, but here is some example output (all dates are in format yyyy/mm/dd):
2011/3/12-17:25:7 RFID code 31003290D2 -> access DENIED
2011/3/12-17:25:9 RFID code 31003290D2 -> access DENIED
2011/3/12-17:25:12 RFID code 310032A667 -> access DENIED
2011/3/12-17:25:21 RFID code 3D0073C215 -> access DENIED
token 3D00750CA8 found in allowed file
evaluate against date: 2011/04/03
2011/3/12-17:25:27 RFID code 3D00750CA8 -> access GRANTED
2011/3/12-17:25:33 RFID code 3D001E0A78 -> access DENIED
token 3D001E0A78 found in allowed file
evaluate against date: 2011/12/03
2011/3/12-17:25:35 RFID code 3D001E0A78 -> access GRANTED
token 3D0073E5DC found in allowed file
evaluate against date: 2011/01/04
2011/3/12-17:25:42 RFID code 3D0073E5DC -> access DENIED
token 310031B7D9 found in allowed file
evaluate against date: 2011/05/10
2011/3/12-17:25:53 RFID code 310031B7D9 -> access GRANTED
The first 4 lines of the above output shows how3 tokens are read by the RFID reader that are not listed in the allowed.csv file. Somehow one token gets read in twice, which is still not the end of the world.
The following entries show tags that are read who are in the allowed.csv file. All these, except the token with id '3D0073E5DC' have an end date in the future. All these are thus granted access (except for token with id '3D0073E5DC').
What's next?
Well one of the first things on my to-do list is the see if I can make use of softserial to read the RFID tokens. This would allow me to reflash my arduino without having to disconnect the RFID reader each time.
Next to this I will also investigate whether I can still attach an LCD to the arduino to output some info regarding the user that wants access to the gym.
And thirdly, this functionality is very basic. I would hate if the users of this system would have to extract the RFID card each time subsctiption info needs to be changed. So I'll see if the user can manipulate the subscription data via an USB connection.
And last but not least, I'm gonna start looking for a place to host my code. My blog post tends to get too long because I copy paste all my code in here.
So, I'm not short of work :-)
Stats
compiler
Binary sketch size: 18684 bytes (of a 30720 byte maximum)
